Journal of Management and Economic Studies

Dynamics of Fiscal Policy and National Development in Nigeria

John Nkeobuna Nnah Ugoani — 2022-12-25

The study was designed to explore the relationship between fiscal policy and national development. The exploratory research design was adopted in the investigation. Data were generated from both primary and secondary sources, which were found useful for the study. Fiscal policy is crucial in national development because manipulating revenue and expenditure means that government must reduce taxation to increase spending and vice-versa. In the public sector, the primary purpose of fiscal policy is ensuring that an agency operates within its budget limit. This means that public sector managers are charged with the oversight of government’s revenues and expenditures, including budget management, corporate compliance, adherence to financial regulations, and plans. Data for the study were analyzed through the regression method, and the result showed positive association between fiscal policy and national development. Based on this finding, it was recommended among others that proper fiscal budgeting is essential for national development.

Impact of Covid-19 Prevalence in Seoul on Subway Usage

Sang-Uk Jung — 2022-12-25

This article shows that there is a negative impact of government’s social distancing policy, daily COVID-19 confirmed cases, daily volume of new articles related to COVID-19, and a weekend dummy on subway ridership in Seoul, Korea. Multiple regression with OLS is applied to 289 daily data mostly collected from the Open Government Data Portal during the early stages of COVID-19 pandemic, from January 1 to October 30, 2020. The model is run separately for four subway station categories: commercial, office, residential, and other area. Different impacts of explanatory variables across different area have some policy and managerial implications. This study concludes with future research.

Influence of Social Media Usage and Work Performance on Organizational Performance: The Case of A Broadband Company in Oman

Sheikha Ismail Ali Al Randi — 2022-12-25

The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of social media usage on organizational performance in a Broadband Company in Oman. It also examines the influence of social media usage on employee work performance. The study utilized a quantitative research method. A sample of 108 employees was taken with purposive sampling, and analysis was carried out through the SPSS. Major findings showed that social media usage significantly influenced work performance. Moreover, applying the three models in determining the significant influence of social media usage and work performance on organizational performance: rapid adaptation, time to market, and cost reduction; findings revealed that social media usage and work performance significantly and positively impacts rapid adaptation, time to market, and cost reduction. Based on these outcomes, it is recommended that the use of social media can be integrated into the annual evaluation of employees as part of its criteria to ensure that social media has been utilized and improve the employee performance in terms of quantity and quality of the job.

Impact of SPS Measures on the Import Quality of China's Agricultural Products

Yinguo Dong — 2022-12-25

The paper is aimed to examine the role Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures play in quality upgrading of China’s imported agricultural products. Based on export data to China from UN Comtrade on agricultural products on the HS6-digit level from 156 countries in 2002-2017, this paper employed Proximity-to-the-Frontier Model to discover the upgrading effect SPS measures have after measuring the quality with Nested Logit Model. The study found that implementing SPS measures exerts a long-term positive effect on quality upgrading. Particularly, SPS measures tend to discourage bulk agricultural products close to world frontier from innovation and quality upgrading, exhibiting a more pronounced opposite of the escape-competition effect. Therefore, it is recommended that Chinese quarantine and market supervision departments should learn from the inspection processes of developed countries in relation to agricultural products and appropriately refine SPS measures to improve the quality of agricultural imports for the health and safety of domestic consumers.

Economic Determinants of Applicant Screening Practices: Analysis of the Korean Human Capital Corporate Panel

Vladimir Hlasny — 2022-12-25

This study reviews employers’ existing recruiting practices and the environment in which these are deployed, and estimates their effect on the employers’ and workers’ outcomes. The Korean Human Capital Corporate Panel spanning years 2005–2013 is used to take stock of employers’ screening of applicants’ personal characteristics, and regressions with fixed effects link the screening practices to firms’ skill needs, skill supply and labor-market constraints. Institutional and market constraints on employers’ conduct are found to affect screening practices more than firms’ skill needs. The existence of HR departments, worker unionization, and applicant pool size have systematic effects. Employers’ skill needs and screening practices, in turn, affect the female share among new hires. HR departments, personnel committees on boards, and foreign management put a constraint on firms’ hiring discrimination, effectively supporting women’s cause.

Impact of Technological Innovativeness on Organisational Effectiveness of Deposit Money Banks in Akure Metropolis

Oluwole Adeniyi Bankole — 2022-12-25

The study determines impact of technological innovativeness on organisational effectiveness with reference to Akure Metropolis. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population of the study comprised the unit managers of the entire deposit money bank in Akure metropolis. The study employed sample size of 48 through census sampling. Primary data used for the study were gathered through the administration of well structured questionnaire. Data gathered were analyzed using Pearson product moment correlation and regression analysis. The study found that Automated Teller Machine, Mobile Banking and Internet Banking positively and significantly affect organisational effectiveness. Thus, it concluded that organisational effectiveness is positively impacted by technological innovativeness.